It is a manufacturing process comprising a set of forming operations that starting from a workpiece and eliminating or removing part of the material forming it, the piece is obtained with the desired shape and dimension.
It is made from semi-finished products such as ingot, billet or other pieces previously shaped by other processes such as molding or forging.
The mechanism can be without chip removal (rolling, forging, extrusion and drawing) or with chip removal (turning, reaming, milling or filing).